angels “going up and down on it” (Gen 28:10–12). Not only did Jesus make explicit reference to this story, but he also told Nathanael that he was an Israelite in whom there is no deceit (John 1:47). Being a deceiver was exactly what Jacob was known for (see Gen 27:1–36). So by these two comments, Jesus was making Nathanael aware that he had read his thoughts. We should not overlook that Jesus replaced the image of a stairway in Jacob’s dream with “the Son of Man” (a reference to himself). Thus, Jesus